LeeVee Replacement Battery Compatible with iPhone 5S and 5C, 1860mAh High Capacity 0 Cycle Li-Polymer Battery with Full Set Repair Tools Kits and Instructions (2 Years Warranty)

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Levees can be permanent earthworks or emergency constructions (often of sandbags) built hastily in a flood emergency. A levee ( / ˈ l ɛ v i/), [1] [2] dike ( American English), dyke ( Commonwealth English), embankment, floodbank, or stop bank is a structure that is usually earthen and that often runs parallel to the course of a river in its floodplain or along low-lying coastlines. [3] a b c Kemp, Katherine. The Mississippi Levee System and the Old River Control StructureThe Louisiana Environment. Tulane.edu

The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) recommends and supports cellular confinement technology (geocells) as a best management practice. [16] Particular attention is given to the matter of surface erosion, overtopping prevention and protection of levee crest and downstream slope. Reinforcement with geocells provides tensile force to the soil to better resist instability.To prepare a foundation for a levee, a crew must clear and grub the area. Most levees will also require some degree of stripping. These steps are the minimum required to construct a levee foundation. Dolfman, Michael L., Soldielle Fortier Wasser and Bruce Bergman. "The effects of Hurricane Katrina on the New Orleans economy." Monthly Labor Review. June 2007. (Aug. 1, 2008)http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2007/06/art1full.pdf Based on the office study and a field survey, a report should be written that evaluates the geological, foundation and materials for the proposed levee. Any significant factors that might impact the alignment and/or design should be noted, with changes in alignment and design suggested. The development of a proposed GIS will simplify and expedite any map products. Subsurface Exploration

levee, any low ridge or earthen embankment built along the edges of a stream or river channel to prevent flooding of the adjacent land. Artificial levees are typically needed to control the flow of rivers meandering through broad, flat floodplains. Levees are usually embankments of dirt built wide enough so that they will not collapse or be eroded when saturated with moisture from rivers running at unusually high levels. Grass or some other matlike vegetation is planted on the top of the levee’s bank so that its erosion will be kept to a minimum. Much of the Dutch levee system relies on the understanding that levees require regular maintenance, constant monitoring and a long-term appreciation for how rivers, oceans and storms behave. When these are in place, communities can thrive safely alongside the beauty and convenience of coastal and riverside areas. It's when we fail to remember this that rivers and oceans become destroyers. Natural levees commonly form around lowland rivers and creeks without human intervention. They are elongated ridges of mud and/or silt that form on the river floodplains immediately adjacent to the cut banks. Like artificial levees, they act to reduce the likelihood of floodplain inundation.

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levee". Oxford English Dictionary (Onlineed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.) 1718–1720: "Dumont Plan, New Orleans" [map label]. Shown in Justin Winsor, (1895) The Mississippi basin: The struggle in America between England and France 1697–1763. Boston; New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company ISBN 0833747223. 1770: "The town [New Orleans] is secured from the inundations of the river by a raised bank, generally called the Levée." Philip Pittman, The Present State of the European Settlements on the Mississippi; with a geographical description of that river. London Some of the earliest levees were constructed by the Indus Valley civilization (in Pakistan and North India from circa 2600 BCE) on which the agrarian life of the Harappan peoples depended. [12] Levees were also constructed over 3,000 years ago in ancient Egypt, where a system of levees was built along the left bank of the River Nile for more than 1,000 kilometers (600 miles), stretching from modern Aswan to the Nile Delta on the shores of the Mediterranean. The Mesopotamian civilizations and ancient China also built large levee systems. [13] Because a levee is only as strong as its weakest point, the height and standards of construction have to be consistent along its length. Some authorities have argued that this requires a strong governing authority to guide the work and may have been a catalyst for the development of systems of governance in early civilizations. However, others point to evidence of large-scale water-control earthen works such as canals and/or levees dating from before King Scorpion in Predynastic Egypt, during which governance was far less centralized.