Butterfly Brain

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Wystrach, A., Le Moël, F., Clement, L. & Schwarz, S. A lateralised design for the interaction of visual memories and heading representations in navigating ants. Preprint at https://biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.08.13.249193v1 (2020). Definition: Neural tissue within the skull and vertebral column that is the integrative and command center of the body. Westeinde, E. A. et al. Transforming a head direction signal into a goal-oriented steering command. Preprint at https://biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.11.10.516039v1 (2022).

Butterfly Brains And Speciation | A Moment of Science

Contrary to the brain, the spinal cord’s outermost layer is formed of white matter. This is divided into three funiculi (anterior, lateral, and posterior) containing pathways travelling between the brain and the periphery. The central mass of the spinal cord is a butterfly-shaped grey matter which contains neuronal cell bodies.Definition: Involuntary component of the PNS that controls cardiac, glandular and smooth muscle cells. Vinepinsky, E. et al. Representation of edges, head direction, and swimming kinematics in the brain of freely-navigating fish. Sci. Rep. 10, 14762 (2020).

Brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system anatomy | Kenhub Brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system anatomy | Kenhub

Definition: A network of neurons whose main function is to generate, modulate and transmit information between all the parts of the body.

Central nervous system

Wan, G., Hayden, A. N., Iiams, S. E. & Merlin, C. Cryptochrome 1 mediates light-dependent inclination magnetosensing in monarch butterflies. Nat. Commun. 12, 771 (2021). However, the situation gets more complicated when it comes to the brain. The brain is composed of many different parts, making it difficult to confidently pinpoint which parts undergo modifications in the cocoon. Researching the clinical features and optimal management strategies for patients with a butterfly glioblastoma, we were unable to identify a formal definition or any reports of case series or cohort studies describing the clinical course of these patients. The results of our literature search consisted primarily of isolated case reports, or reports of other pathologies that could mimic this disease process. The limitation of available literature on this presentation of glioblastoma underscores the need for such a cohort to be studied, and its clinical course reported. Since this a cohort is not currently available, we are unable to compare the results of our review to such a control.